UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Climate smart agriculture (CSA) is explicitly defined as an approach that pursues three objectives: sustainably increasing agricultural productivity,adapting and building resilience to climate change and reducing or removing greenhouse gas emissions where possible. The stem restates these three aims,so climate smart agriculture is clearly the intended term. Therefore Option C is correct.

Option A:
Subsistence agriculture focuses on producing food mainly for household consumption with low external inputs. It is not inherently designed around climate resilience or mitigation objectives,so it does not match the description.

Option B:
Intensive agriculture emphasises high yields per unit area,often through heavy use of fertilisers,irrigation and pesticides. Without specific safeguards,it can worsen emissions and vulnerability,which is opposite to the climate smart goals.

Option C:
Climate smart agriculture encourages practices like improved crop varieties,water management,agroforestry and better livestock feeding. These techniques address productivity,resilience and emissions together,just as the question describes.

Option D:
Slash and burn agriculture involves clearing and burning vegetation to create temporary fields. It can lead to deforestation and higher emissions and is generally not considered climate smart,so this option is inappropriate.