UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Scientific enquiry refers to research that follows systematic procedures, objective observation and critical analysis to understand phenomena. It is guided by theory, uses appropriate methods and aims to generate dependable knowledge. The emphasis is on control of bias, replicability and logical reasoning. Therefore, systematic and controlled investigation of phenomena is best described as scientific enquiry.

Option A:
Casual observation is irregular and unsystematic, often influenced by personal bias and limited experience. It does not normally follow a predefined design or rigorous analysis. Hence, it cannot represent the systematic and controlled nature of research highlighted in the stem.

Option B:
Scientific enquiry relies on clearly defined problems, careful data collection and critical interpretation based on evidence. Researchers use established methods and logical reasoning to reach conclusions that can be checked by others. Because it captures the idea of systematic, controlled and critical investigation, this option accurately completes the statement.

Option C:
Intuitive judgment is based on feelings, instincts or immediate impressions without systematic data collection or analysis. While intuition can sometimes inspire research ideas, it does not itself constitute formal research. Thus, it does not match the description given.

Option D:
Trial and error involves attempting solutions randomly until something works, with little concern for design, control or documentation. Although it may lead to practical solutions, it lacks the methodological rigour demanded in scientific research.