UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, C and E are correct, while D is false. Sāṃkhya defends satkāryavāda by arguing that effects pre-exist in causes and only manifest through change, while Nyaya–Vaiśeṣika typically adopts asatkāryavāda, treating effects as new entities produced by combinations. Satkāryavāda emphasises transformation rather than creation ex nihilo, so it suggests no entirely new properties arise. These causal theories underpin many logical arguments in Indian philosophy, and UGC NET often tests matching of schools with these positions. Hence A, B, C, E only is the correct set.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it omits E, disregarding the exam-focused part of the question about matching schools with doctrines. A, B, C only thus does not fully answer the stem.

Option B:
Option B is wrong as it leaves out C, dropping the explanation that satkāryavāda stresses transformation rather than novelty, and therefore A, B, E only under-explains the doctrine.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since it omits A and substitutes only B, C, E, which fails to mention explicitly that Sāṃkhya is the main satkāryavāda exponent. B, C, E only thus provides an incomplete association.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it includes all true doctrinal and exam-related statements and excludes D, which wrongly disconnects causal theories from logical reasoning. This matches standard textbook treatments of these views.