UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Disaster preparedness encompasses measures undertaken before a hazard strikes to ensure that people,systems and institutions can respond quickly and effectively. These include contingency planning,education,stockpiling and drills. The stem lists exactly such advance actions,so preparedness is the correct term. It is a critical phase of the disaster management cycle.

Option A:
Recovery occurs after a disaster and involves restoring livelihoods,services and infrastructure. It is a post event phase and therefore does not match the pre event focus of the question.

Option B:
Preparedness builds capacities so that warnings are heeded and response systems function smoothly when a hazard occurs. It reduces casualties and damages by ensuring that everyone knows what to do. This explanation aligns directly with the stem’s description.

Option C:
Relief refers to the immediate assistance given after a disaster,such as food,water,medical care and shelter. It follows the impact phase and therefore cannot fill the blank referring to advance actions.

Option D:
Reconstruction is the long term process of rebuilding homes,roads and other facilities after the emergency phase is over. It is not concerned with pre disaster planning,so it is not the right answer.