UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statement B is the only wrong statement because coercive measures such as forced sterilisation contradict the principles of human rights and voluntary, informed choice that underlie rights-based population policies. Statements A, C, D, E and F are correct: they describe voluntary approaches, the role of services, education’s influence on fertility, the importance of gender equality and the benefits of integrating reproductive health with broader programmes. Therefore, the correct answer is the option that identifies B alone as wrong.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it isolates B as the single statement that conflicts with contemporary human rights frameworks while treating all the other statements as accurate reflections of rights-based population and reproductive health policies. It aligns with international agreements that emphasise voluntarism and autonomy.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect as it groups C with B, even though C correctly states that reproductive health services influence fertility and maternal health. Including C as wrong would deny strong evidence about service access and demographic outcomes.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since it treats A and C as wrong along with B. Statements A and C are central to rights-based approaches and service-oriented population policy, so this combination misclassifies two correct statements.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it adds D and E to B as wrong statements. In reality, D and E accurately highlight the roles of girls’ education and gender equality, so grouping them with a coercive approach is conceptually inconsistent.

Statements A, B, D and E are correct as they describe voluntary rights-based approaches, links with reproductive health, synergies with environmental initiatives and the importance of women’s empowerment. Statement C is incorrect because coercive measures violate human rights standards. Statement F is also incorrect, since demographic trends influence resource demand and sustainable use. Thus, the combination that includes A, B, D and E only is the correct one.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it leaves out E, thereby ignoring the role of women’s empowerment in shaping fertility and environmental outcomes. Although A, B and D are correct, they do not provide a complete picture.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect as it includes F, which wrongly states that population policies have no relevance for sustainable resource use. This contradicts analyses that link demographic trends with resource pressure.

Option C:
Option C is correct since it brings together all statements that reflect rights-based, gender-sensitive and environment-linked population policy discussions. It explicitly excludes C and F, which endorse coercion or deny resource linkages.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it adds F and excludes A. Accepting F would deny important connections between population and environment, while losing A omits a basic function of population policy.