UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B and D correctly describe the nature and prerequisites of e-governance, while statement C is false. E-governance utilises ICT to deliver services and interact with citizens, often improving transparency and accountability. It also depends on adequate infrastructure and digital skills among users. Excluding mobile technologies, as claimed in C, contradicts practice because mobile platforms are now central to many e-governance services. Therefore, the combination A, B and D only is correct.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it collects the three statements that match current understanding of e-governance. It recognises the role of ICT in service delivery, the potential for transparency and the importance of citizen readiness. By excluding the incorrect claim about excluding mobile technologies, it reflects realistic e-governance strategies.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it includes only A and B and leaves out D. Statement D is also true in emphasising that infrastructure and literacy are essential for effective e-governance. Omitting a true statement makes the option incomplete.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it contains B, C and D and thereby accepts C as correct. Statement C wrongly asserts that e-governance does not use mobile technologies, which is inconsistent with many mobile-enabled government services. Including this false statement invalidates the option.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it assumes that all four statements are correct. Accepting C would imply that mobile technologies are always excluded, which is contrary to practice. Since one statement is false, the set of all four cannot be the correct answer.

E governance refers to the use of ICT by government agencies to provide services, exchange information and improve administrative efficiency. It covers interactions with citizens, businesses and other government entities. Online portals for certificates, tax payments or grievance redressal are typical examples. Therefore, the approach described is e governance.

Option A:
Option A, e banking, is specific to financial institutions offering banking services electronically and does not represent the broader governmental context.

Option B:
Option B is correct because e governance is the recognised term for the digital transformation of government processes and citizen services using ICT.

Option C:
Option C, e commerce, deals with buying and selling goods and services online and is driven by business rather than public administration.

Option D:
Option D, e waste, refers to discarded electronic equipment and environmental concerns, not service delivery through ICT.