UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

This option is correct because when two ratios are equal, we say they are in proportion. The notation a:b = c:d indicates that a/b equals c/d. Such an equality is called a proportion in standard arithmetic terminology. Therefore, the situation described in the question defines a proportion.

Option A:
Variation describes how one quantity changes when another changes, such as direct or inverse variation. It does not specifically refer to the equality of two ratios. Hence, variation is not the term used for a:b = c:d.

Option B:
A proportion is an equation that states two ratios are equal. In the example a:b = c:d, the four terms are said to be in proportion. This matches exactly the relationship described by the question, so proportion is the correct name.

Option C:
Commission is a fee or percentage earned on sales or transactions. It belongs to commercial arithmetic rather than ratio equality. Since the question is about two ratios being equal, commission is irrelevant.

Option D:
Percentage is a way to express a number per hundred, such as 30%. Although percentages are related to ratios, the specific term used when two ratios are equal is proportion, not percentage. Therefore, this option is not correct.