UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B and C are correct: biodiversity provides a range of products to communities, supports resilience to shocks and can be conserved in ways that recognise rights and livelihoods. Statement D is incorrect because biodiversity underpins economic activities and cultural traditions as well as ecological processes. The correct combination is therefore A, B and C only.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete as it leaves out C, which accurately notes that conservation policies can and should consider customary rights and livelihoods. Without C, the social-justice dimension is missing.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it includes D along with A and B. By treating D as correct, it denies the economic and cultural significance of biodiversity, which is inconsistent with the syllabus.

Option C:
Option C is correct since it gathers the three true statements and excludes the false one, presenting a holistic view of biodiversity’s ecological, economic and social importance.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it includes D, which is wrong, and omits A, thereby downplaying direct livelihood dependence on biodiversity.

Statements A, B, D and E are correct and show how forests support livelihoods, governance and ecological functions. Forests supply products and services, community management can share benefits, secure tenure often supports stewardship and forests influence local climate and water cycles. C is wrong because monoculture plantations typically reduce biodiversity, and F is wrong because traditional knowledge is important for sustainable use and conservation. Thus, A, B, D and E only is the correct combination.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect as it leaves out E, failing to acknowledge the climatic and hydrological roles of forests. Without E, the answer focuses mainly on products and governance, not on ecosystem regulation.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect since it includes F and omits A. Accepting F dismisses the value of traditional knowledge, and dropping A ignores the broad range of forest products and services. This combination is therefore conceptually weak.

Option C:
Option C is correct because it includes all the true statements and excludes C and F, which misrepresent plantations and knowledge. It reflects the multifaceted importance of forests to both people and environment in this unit.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it contains C, treating biodiversity-increasing monocultures as correct, which is generally not the case. Including C undermines understanding of the ecological costs of converting natural forests.