UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, D and E are correct and together describe key pillars of sustainable urban transport. Public and non-motorised modes reduce congestion and emissions, mixed land use reduces trip lengths, safe infrastructure protects vulnerable road users and policies influence who gains affordable mobility. Statement C is wrong because subsidising private cars tends to increase traffic and pollution, and F is wrong because emission standards clearly contribute to improved air quality. Hence, the combination A, B, D and E only is correct.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it omits statement E, thereby ignoring how transport policies affect social equity and access. While A, B and D are true, leaving out E means the answer does not reflect the full social dimension of sustainable transport.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect as it includes F, which wrongly claims that emission standards have no role in air quality management. It also omits A, thereby excluding the vital role of public and non-motorised transport in sustainability. This mixture cannot be accepted as correct.

Option C:
Option C is correct since it selects all four true statements and excludes C and F, the two clearly misleading claims. It captures environmental, spatial, safety and equity aspects of sustainable urban transport in line with the unit syllabus.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it introduces C, which promotes car subsidies as beneficial, and omits B, which correctly emphasises mixed land use. Including a false pro-car subsidy statement makes the combination inconsistent with sustainability principles.