UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B and D are correct because EIA is a predictive tool carried out before project approval, incorporates public inputs and proposes mitigation and monitoring plans. It helps decision makers anticipate and reduce negative environmental impacts. Statement C is incorrect since post-construction studies are more in the nature of monitoring or audits, not the core EIA itself. Hence, A, B and D together form the correct combination.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete as it lists only A and B and omits D. Without recognising the role of mitigation and monitoring in EIA reports, the description of the process is not full. Therefore, this option fails to capture all correct statements.

Option B:
Option B is correct because it includes the predictive, participatory and planning dimensions of EIA and excludes C, which misplaces the timing of EIA after construction. This reflects the standard definition and use of EIA in environmental management.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since it includes C along with B and D. Accepting C would wrongly redefine EIA as a post-construction activity, which contradicts its preventive character.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it combines A and D with C and omits B. While A and D are true, including C and leaving out public consultation fails to represent EIA accurately and ignores its participatory dimension.