UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Ecotourism aims to combine nature-based travel with environmental education, conservation support and community benefits. Visitors are encouraged to minimise their impacts, learn about ecosystems and contribute to local economies. Well-designed ecotourism provides incentives to conserve natural areas and cultural heritage. The option that emphasises responsible travel, conservation and local community benefits therefore captures the main characteristics of ecotourism.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because mass tourism centred on amusement parks may have high environmental footprints and often lacks a conservation focus. It does not fit the low-impact, nature-oriented ideals of ecotourism.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect since ignoring local culture undermines one of ecotourism’s goals: respect for and appreciation of local traditions and ways of life. Cheap shopping without environmental or cultural sensitivity is not ecotourism.

Option C:
Option C is correct as it integrates environmental responsibility, natural settings and community welfare. This tripartite focus is central to international definitions of ecotourism.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because relying on luxury hotels alone says nothing about environmental or social performance. Luxury tourism can be ecologically damaging if not managed sustainably.