UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A and C are correct: integrated management combines multiple strategies and decentralised systems with participation can ease pressure on landfills. Statements B and D are incorrect: open dumping can contaminate air and water, and waste-to-energy plants involve emissions and residues that require careful management. Thus, the combination A and C only is correct.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete since it includes only A and ignores C, which adds the important decentralisation and participation dimension. Without C, the approach to waste management appears overly centralised.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect as it treats B as correct along with A. B denies impacts of open dumping, which is contradicted by environmental health evidence.

Option C:
Option C is correct because it selects the two statements aligned with best practice and excludes B and D, which underestimate risks of dumping and incineration.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect as it includes B among correct statements and omits C, giving an inaccurate picture of both impacts and solutions.