UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B, C and E are correct because they reflect the potential strengths and requirements of decentralised governance. Bringing decisions closer to communities, using local knowledge, building capacity and coordinating across levels can all improve environmental management. D is wrong since participation of marginalised groups does not happen automatically, and F is wrong because accountability mechanisms strongly influence local outcomes. Hence, A, B, C and E only is the correct combination.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect as it omits E, failing to recognise the importance of coordination when environmental issues cross local boundaries, such as river basins or airsheds. Without E, the multi-level governance dimension is missing.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it includes D, which wrongly assumes that decentralisation by itself guarantees inclusive participation. In practice, specific measures are needed to involve marginalised groups, so accepting D misrepresents reality.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since it brings together B, C, E and F and treats F as if accountability were irrelevant. In fact, accountability is vital for ensuring that local authorities act in the public interest, so this option mixes correct and incorrect elements.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it selects all the true statements and excludes D and F, which overstate automatic inclusion and downplay accountability. It provides a balanced picture of what makes decentralised environmental governance effective.

Statements A, B, D and E together show how NEP 2020 is expected to be implemented in higher education. A is correct because the policy speaks of phased and prioritised implementation. B is correct as multiple stakeholders must coordinate for system-level reforms. D is correct since institutions are expected to prepare their own strategic plans under the policy framework. E is correct because teachers and administrators need orientation and training to translate policy into practice. C is incorrect as the policy does not require unrealistically instant implementation, and F is incorrect because monitoring and review are integral to policy execution.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it includes all the statements that are true about NEP 2020 implementation (A, B, D and E) and excludes C and F, which wrongly portray implementation as immediate and unmonitored.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it adds C, thereby accepting the claim that all reforms must be completed within one academic year, which is neither feasible nor stated in NEP 2020.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it includes F, suggesting that monitoring and review are unnecessary; this contradicts the emphasis on continuous review and feedback in policy processes.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it includes C, which exaggerates the speed of implementation, and also omits B, thus ignoring the crucial need for coordination across levels of governance.