A viruddha hetu is one whose accepted vyāpti actually yields the negation of the thesis. When the hetu is combined with its known universal relation, it logically supports the opposite conclusion. This makes the argument self defeating, as the reason undermines rather than backs the stated sādhya. Hence viruddha is considered one of the gravest logical defects in Indian logic.
Option A:
Option A describes an asiddha hetu, where the reason is not established in the subject, but viruddha assumes the hetu and its vyāpti are accepted.
Option B:
Option B correctly states that a viruddha hetu ends up proving the opposite of what the arguer wants, so its acceptance forces rejection of the thesis.
Option C:
Option C characterises an irregular or anaikāntika hetu, which may be too broad but does not necessarily reverse the conclusion.
Option D:
Option D focuses on scriptural basis; a scriptural statement could form part of a valid or invalid hetu, but being scriptural does not by itself create the viruddha defect.
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