UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

A population policy consists of deliberate actions by a government to affect fertility,mortality and migration patterns. It aims to achieve desired population size,structure and distribution consistent with development goals. Such policies may involve family planning,healthcare and incentives or disincentives. Therefore the description in the question clearly fits population policy.

Option A:
Population policy directly targets demographic variables such as birth and death rates and migration. By shaping these factors,it influences overall population growth and spatial distribution. This makes it the correct term for the measures described in the stem.

Option B:
Employment policy focuses on job creation,labour regulations and unemployment reduction. While population size affects labour markets,employment policy does not primarily aim to control population growth. Hence it is not the best answer here.

Option C:
Education policy governs the structure,access and quality of educational systems. It may indirectly influence fertility and development but does not explicitly address population size and growth. Therefore it does not match the definition given.

Option D:
Fiscal policy refers to government decisions on taxation and public expenditure. Its main purpose is macroeconomic stabilisation and resource allocation,not direct demographic regulation. Thus it is unrelated to the concept in the question.