UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Redundancy means including extra information beyond what is strictly necessary for basic comprehension. When parts of a message are lost or distorted because of noise, repeated or predictable elements allow receivers to reconstruct the intended meaning, increasing reliability.

Option A:
Option A sends each piece of information only once, which reduces redundancy and makes the message more vulnerable to loss and error.

Option B:
Option B is correct because adding repeated or predictable elements provides clues that help receivers infer missing parts when the message is partially damaged by noise.

Option C:
Option C claims redundancy eliminates the need for feedback, but feedback is still necessary to confirm understanding and adjust communication; redundancy and feedback play different roles.

Option D:
Option D focuses on making the message as short as possible, which typically reduces redundancy and therefore lowers, rather than raises, protection against noise.