UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Laukika pratyaksha encompasses all ordinary perceptions generated by the standard interaction of the five senses with their corresponding objects. It includes both indeterminate and determinate stages so long as the source is usual sense contact. Nyaya contrasts this with extraordinary forms of perception that go beyond standard sensory operations. Therefore the empirical perception in the stem is called laukika pratyaksha.

Option A:
Option A, alaukika, denotes extraordinary perception that occurs in atypical ways, such as perception of universals or yogic insight, and does not describe ordinary sensory experience.

Option B:
Option B, nirvikalpa, refers to indeterminacy of content and can apply to both ordinary and extraordinary perceptions, so it is not tied to the empirical nature of the source in the way the stem suggests.

Option C:
Option C is correct because laukika literally means "worldly" and captures the normal, commonsense realm of perception that most knowledge about the external world relies upon.

Option D:
Option D, yogaja, is a specific kind of alaukika perception arising from yogic discipline, not the general class of everyday sense-based awareness.

Laukika pratyaksha comprises all ordinary perceptions that arise through normal functioning of the senses with their appropriate objects, such as seeing a pot or hearing a sound. It forms the foundation of common-sense knowledge about the world. Nyaya contrasts this category with extraordinary perceptions that involve unusual connections or capacities. Therefore the perception described in the stem is laukika pratyaksha.

Option A:
Option A, alaukika, refers to non-ordinary or extraordinary perception, including yogaja and other special forms, and thus does not match the everyday sensory experiences highlighted.

Option B:
Option B, nirvikalpa, indicates indeterminacy of content and can occur both in ordinary and extraordinary perception, so it is not specifically about usual worldly contact.

Option C:
Option C is correct because laukika literally means "worldly" and is explicitly used to mark the class of perceptions tied to ordinary empirical interaction with objects.

Option D:
Option D, yogaja, is a subset of alaukika perception arising from yogic practice and is far removed from the routine sensory events mentioned in the question.