UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Check dams help communities adjust to increased rainfall variability and drought risk by improving local water availability. Such measures reduce vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. The stem explicitly labels the action as an adaptation measure,so the missing word is “climate.” Therefore “climate change adaptation” is correctly completed by Option B.

Option A:
Mitigation refers to actions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions or enhance sinks. Check dams primarily address impacts like water scarcity rather than directly lowering emissions,so Option A is not accurate here.

Option B:
Climate adaptation measures strengthen resilience to climate impacts rather than addressing their root causes. Recharging groundwater in drought-prone regions is a clear example of this,matching the question.

Option C:
Pollution control relates to managing contaminants and is not the main role of check dams in the described context. Therefore Option C does not fit the stem.

Option D:
Economic measures may accompany adaptation,but the defining feature of the action is its link to climate related drought risk,not simply economic policy,so Option D is unsuitable.