The Osgood–Schramm model proposes that communication is a circular process in which each participant alternately encodes,decodes and interprets messages. This means every participant is both sender and receiver. The stem clearly refers to this dual role.
Option A:
Seeing each person as both sender and receiver highlights the mutual nature of communication. It emphasises that meaning is constantly negotiated. This description aligns perfectly with the Osgood–Schramm view.
Option B:
Channel is the medium through which messages pass and cannot be a role played by a person.
Option C:
Noise source refers to elements that interfere with messages,not to participants in the interaction.
Option D:
Gatekeeper is a role in mass communication where someone controls message flow,which is not the focus of this interpersonal model.
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