UGC NET Questions (Paper – 1)

Statements A, B and D give a realistic picture of air pollution control measures. Cleaner fuels and technologies lower emissions, control devices like filters and scrubbers capture particulates and standards with monitoring ensure compliance. Statement C is incorrect because merely increasing stack height disperses pollutants but does not eliminate them, and may shift the problem elsewhere. Thus, the combination that includes A, B and D only is correct.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it recognises the technological and regulatory pillars of air quality management while excluding the simplistic and misleading view in C. It emphasises that emission reduction, control equipment and governance all matter. Therefore, it matches the conceptual understanding of pollution control.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it pairs A with C and omits B and D. In doing so, it treats C as correct, although stack height increase alone is not an adequate solution and does not remove pollutants from the system. This makes the combination unsuitable.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect as it accepts both B and C along with D. While B and D are correct, endorsing C suggests that chimney height alone is enough, which conflicts with scientific and policy approaches to air pollution control.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it includes A, C and D and leaves out B. It still treats C as correct and fails to acknowledge the role of pollution-control devices explicitly mentioned in B, leading to an incomplete and partly wrong combination.

Statements B and D are wrong, whereas A and C are correct. Industrial relocation by itself does not always eliminate urban air problems and can merely shift pollution elsewhere, and green belts alone cannot handle all complex sources of urban air pollution. Statements A and C correctly point to sustainable transport modes and emission standards as important strategies. Therefore, the combination that identifies B and D together as wrong statements is the correct answer.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it singles out only B as wrong and fails to recognise that D is also incorrect. Green belts can contribute to some air quality benefits but cannot single-handedly solve all urban pollution issues, so D must be included among wrong statements.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it selects only D as wrong and leaves out B, even though B is false. The notion that industrial relocation always solves urban air problems oversimplifies the issue and disregards cumulative and secondary pollutants.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect as it includes B, C and D as wrong statements. While B and D are wrong, C is correct since vehicle emission standards and inspection regimes are key tools used worldwide for exhaust control. Treating C as wrong contradicts standard air quality management practice.

Option D:
Option D is correct because it groups exactly the two incorrect statements B and D. It acknowledges the partial nature of relocation and green belts, and recognises that integrated strategies including A and C are necessary to address urban air quality.