Statements A and B correctly distinguish between accreditation and ranking. A is true because accreditation evaluates whether institutions or programmes meet established quality benchmarks. B is correct since ranking exercises compare institutions on select indicators and present them hierarchically. C is false because statutory recognition refers to legal authority to award degrees, while accreditation is about quality assurance. D is also false because merely participating in rankings does not confer legal recognition. Therefore, the correct combination is A and B only.
Option A:
Option A is incorrect because it recognises only A as correct and ignores B. While accreditation is rightly described, ranking as a comparative listing is also an important concept and must be included in a complete answer.
Option B:
Option B is correct because it includes both accurate statements A and B and rejects C and D, which confuse legal recognition with quality assessment and ranking participation. This combination reflects the conceptual distinctions among recognition, accreditation and ranking.
Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it includes C, which wrongly equates statutory recognition with accreditation. Though B is correct, pairing it with C undermines the distinction between legal status and quality assurance.
Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it treats all four statements as correct, thereby accepting C and D, which misrepresent both statutory recognition and the effects of ranking participation.
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