ICT based formative assessment – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C and E reflect the diagnostic and supportive nature of formative assessment, whereas D and F contradict its definition. Formative assessment is typically embedded during instruction to inform next steps, not reserved for end-of-course high-stakes decisions. ICT tools can gather diverse evidence such as quiz results and forum participation. Thus, the combination that includes A, B, C and E, but excludes D and F, is correct.

Option A:
Option A is correct because it unites real-time feedback, diagnostic use of data and evidence from online participation while rejecting the misuses described in D and F. It portrays formative assessment as ongoing and improvement-oriented.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it includes F, which wrongly states that formative assessment occurs only at the end of a course. Including F confuses formative with summative assessment, so this option cannot be accepted.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect because it incorporates F and omits B. While A, C and E are true, adding F introduces a false timing constraint that conflicts with standard definitions.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because it accepts D, which advocates using formative scores for high-stakes decisions. Such use is generally associated with summative assessment and undermines the formative intent.