Venn diagrams in logical reasoning – UGC NET Question

Statements A, C, D and F are correct, while B and E are incorrect. Shading a region represents that it is empty, so “A and not B” shaded means there is no A outside B. An X marks the presence of at least one element, and three-circle diagrams handle arguments with up to three terms. When both premises are entered on the same diagram, it becomes clear whether the conclusion goes beyond the information given. B is wrong because shading does not indicate existence, and E is wrong because premises are not diagrammed separately when testing a syllogism. Thus A, C, D and F only is the correct set.

Option A:
Option A is incomplete because it omits F and therefore fails to mention the diagnostic role of Venn diagrams in spotting over-extended conclusions. Although A, C and D are correct, they do not cover the use of diagrams in checking whether conclusions follow. Hence A, C and D only cannot be accepted.

Option B:
Option B is incorrect because it includes E, which falsely states that each premise should be diagrammed separately. Proper practice is to combine the premises on a single diagram to see their joint implications. Including E makes the overall combination inconsistent with the standard method.

Option C:
Option C is wrong as it leaves out A and adds F to C and D only. While C, D and F are true, excluding A overlooks the meaning of shaded regions, an essential part of diagram interpretation. Therefore C, D and F only does not capture all the correct statements.

Option D:
Option D is correct since it brings together A, C, D and F, summarising both the representational rules and the inferential use of Venn diagrams. It rightly excludes B, which confuses shading with existence, and E, which misdescribes the testing procedure. This makes Option D the accurate answer.