Encoding with learner-centred focus – UGC NET Question

Statements A, B, C and E are correct, while D is wrong. A is true because connecting new information with prior knowledge aids comprehension. B is true as local examples anchor abstract ideas. C is true since encoding without regard to level or interest reduces meaningfulness. E is true because visual organisers help structure information. D is false because using completely unfamiliar symbols without scaffolding usually confuses rather than productively challenges learners. Therefore, D only is the wrong statement.

Option A:
Option A lists A and B only as wrong, but both of these statements are actually sound learner-centred encoding practices. Treating them as wrong contradicts principles of constructivist teaching, so A and B only cannot be accepted.

Option B:
Option B correctly singles out D only, recognising that deliberately encoding with entirely unfamiliar symbols is not inherently beneficial and often blocks understanding. It allows A, B, C and E to stand as accurate descriptions of thoughtful encoding. Hence D only is the correct answer.

Option C:
Option C groups D and E as wrong, but E correctly describes the usefulness of visual organisers. Including E among wrong statements shows misunderstanding of their role in structuring content, making D and E only invalid.

Option D:
Option D bundles A, B and D as wrong, but A and B are valid principles for adapting messages to learners. Since only D is incorrect, A, B and D only is not a logically coherent answer.