Global rankings such as QS and Times Higher Education compare universities across countries using common metrics, placing them in international league tables. This is in contrast to national ranking frameworks that benchmark institutions within a single country. The stem contrasts national frameworks like NIRF with QS or THE and asks at what level the latter compare institutions, which is global. Hence, Option B is correct.
Option A:
Global rankings influence international student mobility, research collaborations and institutional strategies, making them an important aspect of discussions on world-class universities. Their scope aligns exactly with the global level referred to in the question.
Option B:
Local level comparisons typically involve institutions in a city or region, which is much narrower than the international scope of QS or THE rankings. Option A therefore does not fit the stem.
Option C:
Departmental level analyses may appear within universities or specialised subject rankings but are not the overall scale implied by the main QS or THE rankings discussed in the question, making Option C inappropriate.
Option D:
Household level is unrelated to university ranking and deals with demographic or socioeconomic surveys, not institutional comparisons. Thus, Option D is not correct.
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