Climate change mitigation concept meaning – UGC NET Question

Mitigation in the climate context deals with addressing the causes of climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions or enhancing sinks. Actions like using renewable energy,improving efficiency and protecting forests fall under mitigation. These measures aim to limit the magnitude of future warming. Thus the description in the question clearly points to mitigation.

Option A:
Adaptation refers to adjusting natural or human systems to actual or expected climate impacts. It focuses on coping with the consequences rather than directly reducing emissions. Therefore it does not fit the emission reduction examples mentioned in the stem.

Option B:
Mitigation tackles the sources of climate change by altering energy systems,land use and industrial processes. It complements adaptation but is conceptually distinct. Since the question highlights emission reduction efforts,mitigation is the correct term.

Option C:
Compensation would involve payments for damage or loss due to climate change. While it is sometimes discussed in climate negotiations,it is not the term for emission reduction strategies. Hence it is not the best answer here.

Option D:
Transformation may describe broad socio economic changes towards sustainability. However it is not a specific technical term used for emission reduction efforts under climate policy. Thus it does not accurately capture the meaning intended in the question.