Particular negative form – UGC NET Question

A particular negative proposition has the form “Some S are not P”. It claims that there is at least one member of the subject class that falls outside the predicate class. In traditional logic this is known as an O-type proposition and combines particular quantity with negative quality. Thus the statement described in the stem is correctly called a particular negative.

Option A:
Option A, universal affirmative, asserts that all S are P and therefore rules out the possibility that any S are not P. It is incompatible with the existence of an exception and so does not fit the description.

Option B:
Option B, universal negative, denies that any S are P and thus claims universal exclusion, not the existence of at least one exception. It is different in both strength and form from the proposition in the stem.

Option C:
Option C, particular affirmative, states that some S are P, which is the exact opposite in quality of the particular negative. It cannot represent a claim about some S not belonging to P.

Option D:
Option D is correct because particular negative captures exactly the idea that there is at least one subject that does not have the predicate. This form is used to express limited but important exceptions.