Hearing is the physiological act of perceiving sound,whereas listening involves attention,interpretation and evaluation. The stem emphasises active processing and interpretation,which defines listening. Communication effectiveness depends heavily on this active listening,not just hearing. Therefore, "listening" is the correct term.
Option A:
This option is correct because listening requires cognitive engagement with the message. Students who listen can summarise,question and respond appropriately,showing understanding.
Option B:
Encoding refers to the sender translating ideas into symbols and has nothing to do with the receiver's processing of sound.
Option C:
Gatekeeping is a media concept about selecting messages for publication,not about reception of sound.
Option D:
Redundancy involves repeating elements of a message to improve clarity,not the process of understanding it.
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