Andragogy refers to the theory and practice of educating adults,emphasising self-direction,experience-based learning and problem-centred instruction. Adult learners typically bring substantial life and work experiences that can be used as resources in learning. The stem explicitly mentions adults as self-directed learners with rich life experience,which corresponds to andragogical principles.
Option A:
Pedagogy is a broader term often associated with teaching children and may not fully capture the specific assumptions about adult learners mentioned here.
Option B:
Behaviourism focuses on observable behaviour and reinforcement,not specifically on adult self-direction and experience as resources.
Option C:
Conditioning is a process within behaviourist psychology and does not name a comprehensive approach to adult education.
Option D:
Andragogy assumes that adults want to take responsibility for their learning and prefer learning that connects with real-life problems,so option D correctly completes the stem.
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