Montreal Protocol focus – UGC NET Question

The Montreal Protocol targets ozone-depleting substances such as chlorofluorocarbons, halons and certain solvents. These releases transport chlorine and bromine to the stratosphere, where they catalytically destroy ozone molecules. By phasing out production and consumption of these chemicals, the treaty seeks to allow recovery of the ozone layer. It is widely regarded as one of the most successful environmental agreements.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because global warming due to CO₂ is addressed primarily under the UNFCCC and Kyoto/Paris frameworks, not Montreal.

Option B:
Option B is correct as it directly identifies stratospheric ozone depletion and the role of CFCs and similar substances.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect; acid rain is mainly linked to sulphur and nitrogen oxides, which are not the focus of this Protocol.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect since desertification is managed through different conventions and programmes.