The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted after the Bhopal gas tragedy and to implement decisions from the Stockholm Conference. It gives the central government authority to set standards, regulate industrial locations, control hazardous substances and issue directions for environmental protection. Many later rules and notifications, including those on EIA and hazardous waste, are issued under this umbrella law.
Option A:
Option A is incorrect because wildlife is specifically covered by the Wildlife (Protection) Act; the Environment (Protection) Act has a broader scope.
Option B:
Option B is correct as it recognises the wide-ranging powers and coordinating role provided by the Act.
Option C:
Option C is incorrect; forest diversion is mainly governed by the Forest (Conservation) Act, though environmental aspects may overlap.
Option D:
Option D is incorrect because pollution control boards were created earlier under water and air pollution laws, not solely under this Act.
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