Disaster risk reduction focus – UGC NET Question

Contemporary disaster management frameworks stress that it is more effective to reduce risk before disasters occur than to focus only on relief afterwards. This involves identifying hazards, mitigating vulnerabilities, building preparedness and strengthening early warning and resilience. The key shift is from purely reactive relief to proactive risk reduction and preparedness.

Option A:
Option A is incorrect because abandoning mitigation and preparedness would increase disaster losses and keep the approach reactive and short-term.

Option B:
Option B is correct as it describes the widely accepted move towards disaster risk reduction, mitigation and preparedness as emphasised in international frameworks like the Sendai Framework.

Option C:
Option C is incorrect since modern practice encourages community participation and local capacity, not only top-down control.

Option D:
Option D is incorrect because relying on fate and neglecting early warning systems contradicts the evidence-based, preventive approach of modern disaster management.