The Human Development Index is built on three core dimensions: a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. These capture health, education and income aspects of human well-being. Military strength and defence capability are not part of this framework and do not directly reflect people’s capabilities to live the lives they value. Hence, the option that names military strength is the one that is NOT an HDI dimension.
Option A:
Option A is a genuine HDI dimension, represented through indicators like life expectancy at birth. It shows whether people can live long and healthy lives, which is essential to human development.
Option B:
Option B is correct because military capability reflects state power rather than individual well-being. A country can have strong armed forces while still having poor health, education and living standards, so this domain is excluded from HDI.
Option C:
Option C refers to knowledge and educational attainment, which is captured in HDI through measures such as mean years and expected years of schooling. Education is a central pillar of human development.
Option D:
Option D corresponds to a decent standard of living, usually represented by Gross National Income per capita. This dimension captures command over resources needed for a dignified life.
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