Basic Syllogism Some–All – UGC NET Question

From the first statement, “All books are papers,” we know that the entire set of books lies inside the set of papers. This implies that every book is also a paper, so at least some papers (those which are books) must exist. Therefore, the conclusion that some papers are books is necessarily true. The second statement about magazines does not contradict this and is not needed to derive that conclusion.

Option A:
Option A, “Some books are magazines,” cannot be guaranteed because we are not told that the sets of books and magazines overlap. There may or may not be such an overlap, so this conclusion is only possible, not certain.

Option B:
Option B follows directly from the universal statement “All books are papers.” If all books are contained in the set of papers, then at least one paper (a book) must exist, making “Some papers are books” logically necessary.

Option C:
Option C, “All magazines are books,” reverses and overextends the information. We only know that some papers are magazines, not that magazines are confined to the set of books.

Option D:
Option D, “No paper is a book,” is the exact negation of the implication of the first statement and thus directly contradicts “All books are papers.”