Non Experimental Research Types – UGC NET Question

Non experimental research observes variables as they naturally occur without introducing interventions or manipulating conditions. Descriptive surveys that measure attitudes, perceptions or status fall in this category. Recording job satisfaction levels across schools without changing anything fits this design.

Option A:
This option clearly involves random assignment and comparison of teaching methods, which are hallmarks of experimental research.

Option B:
This option is correct because it describes data collection on an existing characteristic (job satisfaction) with no attempt to control or manipulate variables. It fits the definition of descriptive survey research, a classic non experimental design.

Option C:
This option describes a controlled laboratory experiment where environmental variables like lighting and noise are manipulated, placing it in the experimental category.

Option D:
This option again introduces a treatment (counseling programme) for one group and withholds it from another, characteristic of experimental or quasi experimental research.